31 March 2015
Rationalization of corporate tax rates
Identifying winners and losers
In FY15-16 Union Budget, the Government proposed to gradually
reduce the corporate tax rate from the current 30% to 25% during
FY17-19. In this report, we analyze the impact of reduction in
corporate tax rates on companies, including its implications on
deferred tax and minimum alternate tax credit.
n
Marginal corporate tax rate of 34% v/s effective tax rate of
23.2%:
While the marginal corporate tax rate is higher at ~34%
(including surcharge and cess), the effective tax rate (ETR) is very
low at 23.2% in FY14 due to various exemptions/incentives. This
leads to excessive litigations and loss of revenue for the
Government. Among the corporate tax exemptions, accelerated
depreciation @ 20% on plant and machinery constitutes ~38% of
the major direct tax exemptions/incentives.
n
A
NNUAL
R
EPORT
T
HREADBARE
The
ART
of annual report analysis
Marginal corporate tax rate v/s Effective
tax rate (ETR) in FY14: 34% v/s 23.2%
n
ETR of private sector v/s public sector:
24.4% v/s 19.3% (difference of 510bp)
n
Deferred tax and MAT also to be effected
by the reduction in tax rate
n
Two-thirds of Nifty-50 companies have ETR above 23.2%:
Our
analysis of Nifty-50 companies (standalone financial statements)
suggests that nearly two-third companies have their tax rates
above India’s corporate ETR (23.2%). Cairn India and Sun Pharma
have the lowest ETR at 10.2% and 10.3% in 9MFY15, followed by
Bharti Airtel (16.1%) and HCL Technologies (18.5%) among the
Nifty companies. On the other hand, Punjab National Bank (40%),
Coal India (35%), Kotak Mahindra Bank (34.3%) and NMDC
(34.1%) have the highest tax rates.
Companies with huge deferred tax liabilities are beneficiaries
with falling corporate tax rates and vice versa:
The proposed
reduction in corporate tax rate will also have an impact on
companies’ deferred tax calculations, thus effecting profitability.
Companies with high deferred tax liabilities (DTL) on their balance
sheet will be positively impacted and vice versa. However, this is
expected to not have any impact on a company’s cash flow. Our
analysis suggests that Jindal Steel and Ultratech Cement will see
their profitability increasing by 4.2% each on account of huge net
DTL on their balance sheets, while BHEL will see its profitability
decrease by 2% and IDFC by 1% on account of the net deferred
tax assets (DTA) on their balance sheet.
Companies with huge MAT credit entitlement might be
negatively impacted:
The reduction in corporate tax rates will
also impact companies having a high amount of minimum
alternate tax (MAT) credit on their balance sheets. With corporate
tax rates reducing, a lower amount will be available for
adjustment against the existing MAT credit.
Effective tax rates in India have ranged from
19% to 24% over the past decade
Effective tax rate (%)
23.5
24.1
22.9 22.4 23.2
22.2
20.6
19.3
22.8
n
Private companies pay an higher effective tax
rate than public companies
Sector
Public
Private
Total
Share in
Share in total tax
total
payable (%)
profits (%)
23.8
19.8
76.2
100.0
80.2
100.0
Effective
tax
rate (%)
19.3
24.4
23.2
n
ART
will present a threadbare portrait of annual reports - statistical, strategic and structured. We believe
ART's
wide canvas - from accounting and auditing issues to
operating performance to management insights to governance matters - will help readers paint a clearer picture of the stock's investment worthiness.
Ashish Gupta
(Ashish.Gupta@MotilalOswal.com); +91 22 3982 5544
Investors are advised to refer through disclosures made at the end of the Research Report.
Motilal Oswal research is available on
www.motilaloswal.com/Institutional-Equities,
Bloomberg, Thomson Reuters, Factset and S&P Capital.

ART|
Tax rate
India’s marginal corporate tax rate - one of the highest in world
n
n
n
n
The marginal corporate tax rate in India has remained high over a long period of
time, with the basic tax rate of 30% for more than a decade.
This rate is higher than most other developing countries, including South Africa,
China and Russia and better only than Japan and the US (developed economies)
(refer Exhibit 13 on Page 9 for tax rates across countries in the last decade).
In fact, the Indian marginal corporate tax rate at 34% is higher than the Asian
average tax rate (21.9%) and the global average tax rate (23.6%), as per the
KPMG data on international tax rates.
The higher corporate tax rate in India discourages investors/manufacturers to
undertake business operations and move to countries operating under a
comparatively lower tax regime.
Exhibit 1: India has one of the highest marginal corporate tax rate among developing
countries (%)
40.0
28.0
30.0
34.0
34.0
35.6
16.5
17.0
20.0
21.0
21.9
23.6
25.0
26.5
Source: KPMG, MOSL
Effective tax rate continues to remain significantly lower than marginal
corporate tax rate
n
n
n
The corporate tax rate for India ranges from 32.4% to 34% from 2005-06 to
2013-14. On the other hand, effective tax rate ranged from 19.3% to 24.1% from
2005-06 to 2013-14.
This huge difference between effective and marginal tax rate arises due to
exemptions. A higher tax rate results in the country losing out on both counts –
(i) India is considered as having a high corporate tax regime, which dithers
investors/businessmen and (ii) the Government is unable to collect higher tax
revenue due to excessive exemptions, which additionally leads to litigations.
Interestingly, the effective tax rate for companies reporting PBT more than
INR5b is merely 20.7%. On the other hand, companies reporting PBT less than
INR0.5b have a higher effective tax rate of ~26%.
31 March 2015
2

ART|
Tax rate
Exhibit 2: Effective tax rates in India have ranged from 19% to 24% over the past decade
Effective tax rate (%)
23.5
22.2
20.6
19.3
22.8
24.1
22.9
23.2
22.4
FY05-06
FY06-07
FY07-08
FY08-09
FY09-10
FY10-11
FY11-12
FY12-13
FY13-14
Source: GoI, MOSL
Exhibit 3: Difference between marginal and effective tax rate in double digits for the last
decade
Effective tax rate (%)
33.7
14.4
34.0
13.4
34.0
11.8
Diff between marginal and effective tax rate (%)
34.0
11.2
34.0
10.5
32.4
8.3
32.5
9.6
34.0
11.6
Marginal tax rate (%)
34.0
10.8
34.0
34.6
19.3
20.6
22.2
22.8
23.5
24.1
22.9
22.4
23.2
FY05-06 FY06-07 FY07-08 FY08-09 FY09-10 FY10-11 FY11-12 FY12-13 FY13-14 FY14-15 FY15-16
Effective tax rates for FY15 and FY16 are not available; Source: GoI, KPMG, MOSL
Exhibit 4: Companies with PBT above INR5b have lower than the average effective tax rate
Effective tax rate (%)
25.9
24.3
23.1
20.7
Less than INR0.5b
INR0.5b-1b
INR1b-5b
Greater than
INR5b
All Companies
Source: GoI, MOSL
23.2
Mining, Power and Steel sectors’ effective tax rate lower than most sectors
n
n
n
Based on the analysis of government data for listed and unlisted companies, the
effective tax rate (ETR) for Cement sector is the lowest with 5.8%, followed by
Mining contractors (7.2%), Power and Energy (14.8%), Steel (17.7%), Petroleum
and petrochemicals (18.9%) and Pharmaceuticals (19.5%) in FY14.
Financial Institutions have the highest effective tax rate ranging from 31.2-
34.6%, followed by Tobacco and Engineering Goods (29.7% each) and Non
Banking Finance Companies (26.1%).
Some of these sectors have witnessed huge changes in the tax rates in FY14,
when compared with FY12/13, possibly due to the alteration in coverage of
3
31 March 2015

ART|
Tax rate
n
n
companies by the Government. For instance, Government’s data states that
Cement sector has an ETR of 5.8% in FY14 v/s 15.2% in FY12 and 16.6% in FY13,
while MOSL Cement coverage universe has an ETR of more than 25% in FY14.
We believe that the above sectors having higher tax rates will be impacted
positively due to a reduction in corporate tax rates, though Cement, Power &
Energy, Metals will be negatively impacted on account of the phased reduction
of exemption and incentives.
Also, interestingly, government data suggests that public sector (19.3%) have
lower effective tax rate v/s private sector (24.4%), and manufacturing
companies (22%) have marginally lower effective tax rates than service (24.4%).
Exhibit 5: Mining, Power and Steel are key sectors having low effective tax rates
Sector
Manufacturing Industry
Contractors
Manufacturing Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Builders
Manufacturing Industry
Service Sector
Service Sector
Manufacturing Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Service Sector
Manufacturing Industry
Contractors
Financial Service Sector
Trading
Manufacturing Industry
Financial Service Sector
Manufacturing Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Financial Service Sector
Financial Service Sector
Industry
Cement
Mining Contractors
Power And Energy
Steel
Petroleum And Petrochemicals
Drugs And Pharmaceuticals
Property Developers
Textiles,Handloom,Power Looms
Others
Software Development Agencies
Agro-Based Industries
Automobile And Auto Parts
IT Enabled Services, BPO Service Providers
Others
Civil Contractors
Banking Companies
Others
Fertilizers, Chemicals, Paints
Non Banking Finance Companies
Engineering Goods
Tobacco
Financial Institutions
Others
Profit
before tax
(INR b)
108
157
540
217
986
441
147
125
879
794
130
399
421
1,261
119
1,159
229
173
538
358
146
127
324
Total tax Effective Effective Effective
tax rate
payable
tax rate
tax rate
(INR b) (%) (FY12) (%) (FY13) (%) (FY14)
6
11
80
38
186
86
31
27
189
178
30
97
103
310
30
289
58
44
140
106
43
39
112
15.2
31.4
18.4
21.5
19.1
17.0
18.6
20.0
21.8
22.9
24.6
21.2
24.4
24.5
26.6
26.1
24.0
25.7
22.6
29.0
28.0
26.9
17.5
16.6
5.8
7.0
7.2
13.7
14.8
15.8
17.7
20.5
18.9
18.7
19.5
21.1
21.1
17.3
21.3
20.4
21.5
21.9
22.5
25.3
22.8
23.3
24.3
24.0
24.4
24.4
24.6
24.2
24.9
30.5
24.9
24.4
25.2
14.1
25.2
23.8
26.1
28.1
29.7
26.7
29.7
30.3
31.2
15.9
34.6
Source: GoI, MOSL
Exhibit 6: Private sector pay a higher effective tax rate than public sector
Sector
Public
Private
Total
Share in total
profits (%)
23.8
76.2
100.0
Share in total tax
payable (%)
19.8
80.2
100.0
Effective tax
rate (%)
19.3
24.4
23.2
Source: GoI, MOSL
Exhibit 7: Manufacturing sector pays a lower tax rate primarily due to higher exemptions
Sector
Manufacturing
Service
Total
Share in total
profits (%)
47.7
52.3
100.0
Share in total tax
payable (%)
45.1
54.9
100.0
Effective tax
rate (%)
22.0
24.4
23.2
Source: GoI, MOSL
4
31 March 2015

ART|
Tax rate
Accelerated depreciation constitutes 38% of total corporate tax
exemptions; such benefits proposed to reduce gradually
n
n
n
Corporate tax revenue, lost on account of tax exemption/incentives, is likely to
increase to INR984.1b in FY15E, from INR911.4b in FY14.
Projected revenue loss is mainly on account of accelerated depreciation (37.6%)
and export incentives available to SEZ entities (18.7%).
However, payment of MAT on these incentives results in lowering of loss of
revenue for the Government.
Projected
As % of
revenue
total
impact exemptions
(2014-15) (2014-15)
370.1
37.6
183.9
18.7
106.1
10.8
81.3
8.3
67.4
6.9
39.8
4.0
34.2
3.5
101.2
10.3
984.1
100.0
360.1
624.0
Source: GoI, MOSL
Exhibit 8: Accelerated depreciation constitutes ~38% of major corporate exemptions (INR b)
Nature of incentive
Accelerated depreciation (Section 32)
Deduction of export profits of units located in SEZs (Section 10A/10AA)
Deduction of profits of undertakings engaged in generation and T&D of power (Section 80-IA)
Deduction/weighted deduction for expenditure on scientific research (Section 35(1), (2AA) & (2AB))
Deduction of profits derived from production of mineral oil and natural gas (Section 80-IB)
Deduction of profits of undertakings set-up in Uttaranchal (Section 80-IC)
Deduction of profits of undertakings engaged in development of infrastructure facilities (Section 80-IA)
Other
Total revenue impact of major incentives
Less: Net additional tax due to MAT
Net revenue impact of major incentives
Revenue
impact
(2013-14)
342.8
170.4
98.2
75.3
62.4
36.9
31.7
93.7
911.4
333.5
577.9
Two-thirds of Nifty-50 companies pay above the average ETR of 23%
n
n
n
Our analysis of standalone tax rates of Nifty companies suggests that two-thirds
have their tax rates above the average ETR of 23.2% in FY13-14.
Further, 25 companies in Nifty-50 (50% of companies) based on their 9MFY15
ETR have rates below 28.84% (25% basic rate + 12% surcharge + 3% education
and higher education cess).
Assuming that all companies will move towards an effective tax rate of 28.84%
by FY19 and the increase/decrease will be equal for each year, Cairn India and
Sun Pharma (Indian operations) will see 6.2% impact on PBT every year. Of the
beneficiaries, PNB and Coal India would see a 3.7% and 2% increase in PBT every
year, respectively, on account of the reduction in corporate tax rate.
Exhibit 9: PNB, Coal India to be biggest beneficiaries; Sun Pharma and Cairn India likely to
see impact on PBT with exemptions moving out
3.7
Annualized impact on PBT with reduction in corporate tax rate (%)
2.0
-2.6
PNB
Coal India Grasim
Inds
-2.8
Power
Grid
-3.1
M&M
-3.2
-3.5
-4.2
-6.2
Sun
Pharma
-6.2
Cairn
India
Dr
HCL Tech Bharti
Reddy's
Airtel
Labs
Note: Above data is taken for standalone tax rates; For Sun Pharma, we have considered effective tax rate of Indian
operations; We have considered consolidated tax/PBT numbers for Coal India; Source: Capitaline, Annuals reports,
BSE, MOSL
31 March 2015
5

ART|
Tax rate
Companies with huge DTL seen benefiting with falling corporate tax rates
and vice versa
n
n
n
n
DTA and DTL are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been
enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. Thus, even though
the effective tax rate of companies might be lower, DTA/DTL will be enacted at
the marginal corporate tax rates only (~34%).
Thus, with the reduction in corporate tax rate of companies, those with huge
net DTL in balance sheet will have tax credit and accordingly higher profitability
in the year of reduction in tax rate and vice versa. For instance, in a scenario
where the tax rate decreases from 30% to 29% and the net DTL of a company is
INR100. Then, the revised DTL will be INR96.67 (INR100X29%/30%). In this
scenario, there will be a tax credit of INR3.23 (INR100-INR96.67), thus reducing
the tax expense and increasing profitability.
The change in tax expense will impact profitability but not the cash flows of
companies. It will impact valuation of companies being valued on P/E basis.
Our analysis suggests that Jindal Steel and Ultratech Cement will see their
profitability increasing by 4.2% each on account of huge net deferred tax
liabilities on their balance sheets, while BHEL will see its profitability decrease by
2% and IDFC by 1% on account of net deferred tax assets on their balance sheet.
Exhibit 10: Jindal Steel and Ultratech with huge deferred tax liabilities (net) will be key
beneficiaries
Annualized impact on PBT due to deferred taxes (%)
4.2
4.2
3.5
3.0
2.6
2.4
2.4
2.2
2.0
-1.0
-2.0
Note: Above data is taken for standalone deferred taxes; We have considered consolidated deferred
tax numbers for Coal India; Source: Annuals reports, Capitaline, MOSL
A brief on deferred tax
n
Deferred tax is recognized as a result of any temporary differences between
taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are
capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.
n
For example, machinery purchased for scientific research related to business is
fully allowed as deduction in the first year for tax purposes, whereas the same
would be charged to the statement of profit and loss as depreciation over its
useful life. The total depreciation charged on machinery for accounting
purposes and the amount allowed as deduction for tax purposes will ultimately
be the same, but periods over which the depreciation is charged and the
deduction is allowed will differ.
n
Creation of DTA increases profits:
DTA created during the year will have the
effect of reducing the tax expense and increasing the profitability of a company.
n
Creation of DTL lowers profits:
There is an increase in tax expense and
reduction in profitability on the creation of deferred tax liability.
31 March 2015
6

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Tax rate
ANNEXURE
Exhibit 11: Nifty-50 standalone tax rates: Reduction in tax rate to result in higher profits for companies with high tax rate (INR m)
FY14
Company Name
Punjab Natl.Bank
Coal India
Kotak Mah. Bank
NMDC
IndusInd Bank
HDFC Bank
Axis Bank
Zee Entertainmen
GAIL (India)
ONGC
ITC
Asian Paints
HDFC
Bajaj Auto
St Bk of India
BHEL
Bank of Baroda
BPCL
ICICI Bank
Hind. Unilever
DLF
Tata Steel
UltraTech Cem.
Tata Power Co.
Hero Motocorp
Infosys
NTPC
Lupin
Ambuja Cem.
Larsen & Toubro
IDFC
Hindalco Inds.
ACC
Tech Mahindra
Maruti Suzuki
Cipla
Wipro
Reliance Inds.
TCS
Grasim Inds
Power Grid Corpn
M&M
Dr Reddy's Labs
HCL Technologies
Bharti Airtel
Sun Pharma.Inds.
Cairn India
Sesa Sterlite
Jindal Steel
Tata Motors
Sector
Financials
Utilities
Financials
Metals
Financials
Financials
Financials
Media
Oil & Gas
Oil & Gas
Consumer
Consumer
Financials
Automobiles
Financials
Capital Goods
Financials
Oil & Gas
Financials
Consumer
Real Estate
Metals
Cement
Utilities
Automobiles
Technology
Utilities
Healthcare
Cement
Capital Goods
Financials
Metals
Cement
Technology
Automobiles
Healthcare
Technology
Oil & Gas
Technology
Cement
Utilities
Automobiles
Healthcare
Technology
Telecom
Healthcare
Oil & Gas
Metals
Metals
Automobiles
PBT
46,905
228,795
22,724
97,598
21,278
127,721
93,486
11,750
64,023
324,319
126,591
17,026
74,402
46,321
161,739
50,143
54,973
59,490
139,632
50,284
5,385
97,135
27,755
14,912
28,673
140,020
139,047
31,391
17,834
72,679
23,582
16,854
11,352
32,378
36,585
18,183
96,082
278,180
235,445
9,850
62,638
43,694
24,544
73,977
83,774
45,831
77,755
-10,717
16,006
-10,258
Tax rate
(%)
28.7
34.6
33.9
34.2
33.8
33.6
33.5
34.3
31.7
31.9
31.3
31.3
26.9
30.0
32.7
31.0
28.0
31.7
29.7
26.2
1.6
34.0
26.2
30.7
26.4
27.2
21.1
26.0
25.9
24.4
30.2
17.4
24.3
24.1
23.9
23.6
23.1
21.0
21.5
12.0
28.2
14.0
21.3
19.1
21.2
15.3
4.1
Loss
19.3
Loss
9MFY15
PBT
45,888
145,925
20,392
77,038
19,661
111,834
77,538
9,825
37,259
202,991
106,491
14,359
59,707
31,628
134,975
7,610
45,446
31,756
116,964
46,619
6,389
79,102
19,622
11,073
26,431
126,280
74,245
27,247
NA
40,354
17,724
10,195
NA
24,143
31,467
12,532
78,224
212,420
201,250
6,287
44,803
34,495
13,720
41,050
111,759
82,921
35,462
13,534
-1,599
-28,183
Tax rate
(%)
40.0
35.0
34.3
34.1
34.0
33.8
33.2
33.1
32.1
32.0
32.0
31.2
30.9
30.7
30.7
30.2
30.1
29.7
29.4
29.3
29.1
28.9
28.7
28.0
27.8
27.6
27.3
27.0
NA
25.8
25.5
24.9
NA
24.3
22.9
22.8
22.6
22.4
21.5
21.0
20.4
19.7
19.2
18.5
16.1
10.3
10.2
LTP
Loss
Loss
Annualized
FY15 PBT
61,183
194,566
27,189
102,717
26,215
149,112
103,384
13,100
49,678
270,654
141,988
19,146
79,609
42,170
179,967
10,146
60,594
42,341
155,951
62,159
8,519
105,469
26,163
14,763
35,241
168,373
98,993
36,329
53,805
23,632
13,594
32,191
41,956
16,709
104,299
283,227
268,333
8,383
59,737
45,993
18,293
54,733
149,012
110,561
47,283
Est. annual
Increase /
(reduction) /
(decrease) in
increase in PBT
tax expense
(%)
-6,804
3.7
-11,946
2.0
-1,496
1.8
-5,430
1.8
-1,342
1.7
-7,321
1.6
-4,538
1.5
-555
1.4
-1,639
1.1
-8,626
1.1
-4,418
1.0
-456
0.8
-1,614
0.7
-780
0.6
-3,270
0.6
-141
0.5
-786
0.4
-375
0.3
-930
0.2
-270
0.1
-26
0.1
-51
0.0
49
-0.1
120
-0.3
377
-0.4
2,052
-0.4
1,481
-0.5
677
-0.6
516
-1.0
1,653
-1.0
784
-1.1
535
-1.3
513
-1.5
1,456
-1.5
2,504
-2.0
1,006
-2.0
6,468
-2.1
18,136
-2.1
19,717
-2.4
655
-2.6
5,047
-2.8
4,212
-3.1
1,755
-3.2
5,666
-3.5
18,983
-4.2
20,527
-6.2
8,800
-6.2
Note: Above data is taken for standalone tax rates; For Sun Pharma, we have considered effective tax rate of Indian operations; We have considered
consolidated tax/PBT numbers for Coal India; ACC and Ambuja have December year-ends; Source: Annual reports, Capitaline, BSE, MOSL
31 March 2015
7

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Tax rate
Exhibit 12: Nifty-50 standalone deferred tax: Companies with huge net DTL to benefit; DTA to be losers (INR m)
Company name
Jindal Steel
UltraTech Cem.
Hindalco Inds.
Tata Power Co.
ONGC
ACC
Grasim Inds
Reliance Inds.
GAIL (India)
Power Grid Corpn
Ambuja Cem.
BPCL
Tata Steel
M&M
St Bk of India
Cipla
Maruti Suzuki
DLF
Bharti Airtel
Asian Paints
ITC
Lupin
NTPC
Larsen & Toubro
Cairn India
Dr Reddy's Labs
Sun Pharma.Inds.
Bajaj Auto
NMDC
Bank of Baroda
Sesa Sterlite
Wipro
TCS
Zee Entertainmen
Hind. Unilever
Hero Motocorp
Infosys
Tata Motors
HCL Technologies
IndusInd Bank
ICICI Bank
Kotak Mah. Bank
HDFC
Coal India
Tech Mahindra
Punjab Natl.Bank
HDFC Bank
Axis Bank
IDFC
BHEL
Net deferred Net deferred tax
Annualized
Deferred
Net tax
Deferred Tax tax (liability) (liability) / asset
positive /
Sector
PBT (FY14)
Tax
write-back /
Asset
/asset @
@ assuming
(negative) impact
Liability
(charge)
33.99% 28.84% tax rate
on PBT (%)
Metals
16,006
17,005
3,550
-13,455
-11,416
2,039
4.2
Cement
27,755
24,749
1,791
-22,958
-19,480
3,479
4.2
Metals
16,854
14,956
3,213
-11,743
-9,964
1,779
3.5
Utilities
14,912
9,543
731
-8,811
-7,476
1,335
3.0
Oil & Gas
324,319
262,841
97,054
-165,787
-140,668
25,119
2.6
Cement
11,352
7,570
2,214
-5,356
-4,544
811
2.4
Cement
9,850
4,756
136
-4,620
-3,920
700
2.4
Oil & Gas
278,180
123,760
1,610
-122,150
-103,642
18,508
2.2
Oil & Gas
64,023
58,991
33,327
-25,664
-21,775
3,888
2.0
Utilities
62,638
59,411
34,982
-24,430
-20,728
3,701
2.0
Cement
17,834
6,945
1,302
-5,643
-4,788
855
1.6
Oil & Gas
59,490
25,748
12,139
-13,609
-11,547
2,062
1.2
Metals
97,135
36,051
15,661
-20,390
-17,300
3,089
1.1
Automobiles
43,694
11,633
2,737
-8,897
-7,549
1,348
1.0
Financials
161,739
51,733
23,355
-28,378
-24,079
4,300
0.9
Healthcare
18,183
3,112
0
-3,112
-2,640
472
0.9
Automobiles
36,585
6,913
1,047
-5,866
-4,977
889
0.8
Real Estate
5,385
1,168
315
-853
-724
129
0.8
Telecom
83,774
25,790
16,315
-9,475
-8,039
1,436
0.6
Consumer
17,026
2,079
308
-1,771
-1,502
268
0.5
Consumer
126,591
17,415
4,445
-12,970
-11,005
1,965
0.5
Healthcare
31,391
3,071
592
-2,479
-2,104
376
0.4
Utilities
139,047
67,157
56,641
-10,516
-8,923
1,593
0.4
Capital Goods
72,679
9,116
5,016
-4,099
-3,478
621
0.3
Oil & Gas
77,755
4,318
89
-4,229
-3,589
641
0.3
Healthcare
24,544
1,483
231
-1,252
-1,062
190
0.3
Healthcare
45,831
2,044
115
-1,928
-1,636
292
0.2
Automobiles
46,321
2,896
1,464
-1,432
-1,215
217
0.2
Metals
97,598
1,173
100
-1,073
-910
163
0.1
Financials
54,973
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
Metals
-10,717
29,692
29,692
0
0
0
0.0
Technology
96,082
1,379
1,487
108
92
-16
0.0
Technology
235,445
2,269
2,736
467
396
-71
0.0
Media
11,750
199
371
172
146
-26
-0.1
Consumer
50,284
2,344
3,961
1,617
1,372
-245
-0.2
Automobiles
28,673
48
1,108
1,060
899
-161
-0.2
Technology
140,020
3,030
8,450
5,420
4,599
-821
-0.2
Automobiles
-10,258
39,665
39,234
-431
-366
65
-0.2
Technology
73,977
10
3,128
3,118
2,645
-472
-0.2
Financials
21,278
1,637
2,551
914
776
-139
-0.2
Financials
139,632
22,407
29,876
7,469
6,337
-1,132
-0.3
Financials
22,724
0
1,402
1,402
1,190
-212
-0.3
Financials
74,402
781
7,080
6,299
5,344
-954
-0.4
Utilities
228,795
NA
NA
19,717
16,730
-2,987
-0.4
Technology
32,378
0
3,109
3,109
2,638
-471
-0.5
Financials
46,905
3,284
8,832
5,549
4,708
-841
-0.6
Financials
127,721
586
19,181
18,595
15,778
-2,817
-0.7
Financials
93,486
426
17,761
17,336
14,709
-2,627
-0.9
Financials
23,582
294
5,166
4,872
4,134
-738
-1.0
Capital Goods
50,143
483
20,172
19,690
16,706
-2,983
-2.0
Note: We have considered consolidated numbers for Coal India; Source: Annual report, Capitaline, MOSL
31 March 2015
8

ART|
Tax rate
Exhibit 13: India's corporate tax rate is one of the highest globally over the years (%)
Country
Hong Kong
Singapore
Russia
United Kingdom
China
Canada
South Africa
Australia
Brazil
India
Japan
United States
Asia average
Global average
2006
17.5
20.0
24.0
30.0
33.0
36.1
36.9
30.0
34.0
33.7
40.7
40.0
29.0
27.5
2007
17.5
20.0
24.0
30.0
33.0
36.1
36.9
30.0
34.0
34.0
40.7
40.0
28.5
27.0
2008
16.5
18.0
24.0
30.0
25.0
33.5
34.6
30.0
34.0
34.0
40.7
40.0
28.0
26.1
2009
16.5
18.0
20.0
28.0
25.0
33.0
34.6
30.0
34.0
34.0
40.7
40.0
25.7
25.4
2010
16.5
17.0
20.0
28.0
25.0
31.0
34.6
30.0
34.0
34.0
40.7
40.0
24.0
24.7
2011
16.5
17.0
20.0
26.0
25.0
28.0
34.6
30.0
34.0
32.4
40.7
40.0
23.1
24.5
2012
16.5
17.0
20.0
24.0
25.0
26.0
34.6
30.0
34.0
32.5
38.0
40.0
22.9
24.4
2013
2014
16.5
16.5
17.0
17.0
20.0
20.0
23.0
21.0
25.0
25.0
26.0
26.5
28.0
28.0
30.0
30.0
34.0
34.0
34.0
34.0
38.0
35.6
40.0
40.0
22.1
21.9
23.7
23.6
Source: KPMG, MOSL
Exhibits 14: Effective tax rate, inclusive of surcharge and education cess, of sample companies across industry during FY14
SN Sector
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Manufacturing Industry
Financial Service Sector
Manufacturing Industry
Service Sector
Service Sector
Manufacturing Industry
Financial Service Sector
Manufacturing Industry
Service Sector
Manufacturing Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Financial Service Sector
Trading
Manufacturing Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Contractors
Builders
Manufacturing Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Financial Service Sector
Manufacturing Industry
Contractors
Manufacturing Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Service Sector
Other Sectors
Manufacturing Industry
Trading
Builders
Financial Service Sector
Contractors
Trading
Manufacturing Industry
Service Sector
Builders
Industry
Others
Banking Companies
Petroleum And Petrochemicals
Others
Software Development Agencies
Power And Energy
Non Banking Finance Companies
Drugs And Pharmaceuticals
I.T. Enabled Services, BPO Service Providers
Automobile And Auto Parts
Engineering Goods
Others
Others
Steel
Fertilizers, Chemicals, Paints
Mining Contractors
Property Developers
Tobacco
Agro-Based Industries
Financial Institutions
Textiles, Handloom, Power Looms
Civil Contractors
Cement
Electronics Including Computer Hardware
Consultancy Services
Others
Food Processing Units
Wholesalers
Builders
Financial Service Providers
Others
Retailers
Printing And Publishing
Transporters
Others
Number of
companies
53,008
243
667
63,946
11,395
4,923
8,507
5,331
12,829
4,522
9,765
17,975
86,785
4,473
3,823
809
29,557
291
16,445
498
9,715
10,097
707
2,453
17,877
19,173
2,991
23,368
20,187
2,706
10,705
14,956
2,590
4,373
21,340
Total
PBT
tax
(INR b) payable
(INR b)
1,261
310
1,159
289
986
186
879
189
794
178
540
80
538
140
441
86
421
103
399
97
358
106
324
112
229
58
217
38
173
44
157
11
147
31
146
43
130
30
127
39
125
27
119
30
108
6
102
32
96
23
95
23
95
27
87
28
76
18
71
19
63
19
52
13
50
15
50
11
47
8
Effective
tax rate
(%)
24.6
24.9
18.9
21.5
22.5
14.8
26.1
19.5
24.4
24.3
29.7
34.6
25.2
17.7
25.2
7.2
21.1
29.7
22.8
31.2
21.3
24.9
5.8
31.3
24.3
24.1
28.0
31.8
23.4
27.0
30.1
25.7
30.0
21.8
17.4
9
31 March 2015

ART|
Tax rate
Number of
companies
159
3,847
4,490
369
1,023
447
1,366
6,753
507
2,909
5,995
617
1,165
350
2,037
1,471
4,060
3,298
4,269
4,549
912
660
3,659
1,839
307
2,544
488
1,593
797
635
995
411
352
322
280
112
97
24
38
11
564,787
PBT
(INR b)
43
41
30
25
24
23
21
21
18
17
16
15
15
13
11
11
11
11
11
10
10
8
7
7
5
5
4
3
3
2
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11,105
Total
Effective
tax
tax rate
payable
(%)
(INR b)
9
20.5
12
29.0
8
26.9
8
30.9
4
18.0
6
26.7
3
13.8
5
23.7
0
1.8
6
32.5
4
24.9
3
20.1
4
26.1
1
9.2
3
28.4
3
23.7
3
29.7
3
29.4
3
32.6
3
27.6
4
43.7
2
32.2
2
24.3
2
34.8
1
16.0
1
29.4
2
36.7
1
27.3
1
32.1
0
19.7
1
28.3
0
27.8
0
22.6
0
31.5
0
35.3
0
24.3
0
31.7
0
82.2
0
54.4
0
23.8
2,579
23.2
Source: GoI, MOSL
SN Sector
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
Manufacturing Industry
Financial Service Sector
Entertainment Industry
Entertainment Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Service Sector
Financial Service Sector
Service Sector
Professionals
Manufacturing Industry
Professionals
Entertainment Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Commission Agents
Service Sector
Service Sector
Service Sector
Manufacturing Industry
Trading
Builders
Service Sector
Manufacturing Industry
Financial Service Sector
Service Sector
Professionals
Service Sector
Entertainment Industry
Professionals
Entertainment Industry
Financial Service Sector
Professionals
Service Sector
Professionals
Professionals
Contractors
Entertainment Industry
Contractors
Total
Industry
Tyre
Share Brokers, Sub-Brokers, Etc.
Others
Television Channels
Tea, Coffee
Diamond Cutting
Paper
Hotels
Leasing Companies
Advertisement Agencies
Others
Vanaspati And Edible Oils
Specialty Hospitals
Film Distribution
Marble And Granite
Flour And Rice Mills
General Commission Agents
Computer Training/Educational And Coaching Institutes
Travel Agents, Tour Operators
Hospitality Services
Rubber
Chain Stores
Estate Agents
Security Agencies
Sugar
Chit Funds
Courier Agencies
Medical Professionals
Forex Dealers
Motion Picture Producers
Nursing Homes
Cable T.V. Productions
Money Lenders
Legal Professionals
Beauty Parlors
Fashion Designers
Charted Accountants, Auditors, Etc.
Excise Contractors
Film Laboratories
Forest Contractors
31 March 2015
10

ART|
Tax rate
NOTES
31 March 2015
11

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ART|
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